Ceratophyllum demersum L.
var. demersum

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Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum

Photo: Mark Hyde
Garden of 12, Zimre Way, Mandara, Harare

Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum

Photo: Mark Hyde
Garden of 12, Zimre Way, Mandara, Harare

Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum

Photo: Mark Hyde
Garden of 12, Zimre Way, Mandara, Harare

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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)

Synonyms: Ceratophyllum oxyacanthum Cham.
Ceratophyllum tuberculatum Cham.
Common names: Coontail (English) Rigid hornwort (English)
Frequency:
Status: Native
Description:
Submerged aquatic herb. Stems up to 3m long and 2 mm in diameter, longitudinally grooved. Leaves in whorls of 7-11, 8-40 mm long, filiform, forked 1-2(3) times; margin with spine-tipped teeth, particularly in the apical segments. Flowers axillary, unisexual on the same plant; male flowers in many 1-3-flowered clusters per branch; female flowers solitary, few per branch. Fruit ovoid, ellipsoid to obovoid with an apical spine and 2 prominent basal spines, and raised dark spots on the surface.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name: demersum: submerged, underwater
Habitat: Occurring in most types of permanent fresh water, even in brackish estuaries, often forming thick mats just below the surface.
Altitude range: (metres) Up to 1600 m
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution: Subcosmopolitan in temperate and tropical regions.
Zimbabwe distribution: N,W,C
Growth form(s): Aquatic.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Images last updated: Saturday 13 July 2019
Literature:

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 35.

Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 46.

Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 203. As Ceratophyllum demersum

Wilmot-Dear, C.M. (1991). Ceratophyllaceae Flora Zambesiaca 9(6) Pages 125 - 127. (Includes a picture).


Other sources of information about Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum:

Our websites:

Flora of Botswana: Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum
Flora of Caprivi: Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum
Flora of Malawi: Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum
Flora of Mozambique: Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum
Flora of Zambia: Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Ceratophyllum demersum
African Plant Database: Ceratophyllum demersum
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Ceratophyllum demersum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Ceratophyllum demersum
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Ceratophyllum demersum
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Ceratophyllum demersum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Ceratophyllum demersum
JSTOR Plant Science: Ceratophyllum demersum
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Ceratophyllum demersum
Plants of the World Online: Ceratophyllum demersum
Tropicos: Ceratophyllum demersum
Wikipedia: Ceratophyllum demersum


Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2002-24

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2024). Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Ceratophyllum demersum var. demersum.
https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=123480, retrieved 29 March 2024

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