Croton madandensis S. Moore

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Plateau above Archway Gorge, Mueredze River

Photo: Bart Wursten
Along track near Khodzue Caves, Cheringoma.

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Synonyms:	Croton sp. no. 1 (Wild 4680)
Common names:	Limpopo Croton (English)
Frequency:	Locally uncommon
Status:
Description:	Usually a shrub, sometimes a small tree, up to 5 m tall but often smaller. Branches greyish with white lenticels. Leaves ovate to elliptic-oblanceolate, 3.5-8 cm long, thinly textured, 3-5-veined from the base, stellate hairy on both surfaces, especially when young; base somewhat cordate with to stalked or sometimes subsessile glands; margin entire or irregularly toothed; petiole 5-35 mm long. Flowers in short subterminal racemes, unisexual with both sexes usually present in the same inflorescence; creamy-white to yellowish. Fruit shallowly 3-lobed, stellate hairy, pale green.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	madandensis: of Madande Forest in Mozambique, where the type specimen was collected.
Habitat:	In dry forest thickets, often near seasonal watercourses, Androstachys johnsonii forest and Brachystegia woodland.
Altitude range: (metres)	Up to 400 m
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Mozambique, Southeastern Zimbabwe, Swaziland and Mpumalanga South Africa.
Zimbabwe distribution:	E,S
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:	Data deficient
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 440. (Includes a picture). Coates Palgrave, K. (revised and updated by Meg Coates Palgrave) (2002). Trees of Southern Africa 3rd edition. Struik, South Africa Page 495. Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 55. Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 252. As Croton sp 1 Golding, J.S. (ed.) (2002). Zimbabwe Plant Red Data List. Southern African Plant Red Data Lists. SABONET 14 Page 179. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 41. Radcliffe-Smith, A. (1996). Euphorbiaceae Flora Zambesiaca 9(4) Pages 285 - 286. Schmidt, E., Lötter, M. & McCleland, W. (2002). Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park Jacana, Johannesburg, South Africa Pages 272 - 273. (Includes a picture).

Other sources of information about Croton madandensis:

Our websites:

Flora of Mozambique: Croton madandensis

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Croton madandensis
African Plant Database: Croton madandensis
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Croton madandensis
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Croton madandensis
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Croton madandensis
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Croton madandensis
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Croton madandensis
JSTOR Plant Science: Croton madandensis
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Croton madandensis
Plants of the World Online: Croton madandensis
Tropicos: Croton madandensis
Wikipedia: Croton madandensis