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Sclerocarya birrea
caffra
Images: Click on each image to see a larger version and details of the record
Photo: Bart Wursten
Osborne Dam RP
Photo: Bart Wursten
Between Hot Springs Resort and Odzi R.
Photo: Bart Wursten
Between Hot Springs Resort and Odzi R.
Photo: Bart Wursten
Near the lodges, Lake Kyle Recreational Park
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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)
| Synonyms: |
Sclerocarya caffra Sond. |
| Common names: | Marula (English) Mufuna (Shona) Mupfura (Shona) Mushomo (Shona) Umganu (Ndebele) |
| Frequency: | |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
Medium-sized deciduous tree. Leaves alternate, crowded near the ends of branches, imparipinnate with 7-15 pairs of ovate to elliptic leaflets and a terminal leaflet, dark green above, paler bluish-green below. Flowers in axillary and terminal sprays, red in bud, turning pinkish-white, unisexual, mostly on separate trees. Fruits fleshy, plum-like, pale green turning yellow when ripe. The fruit is edible and highly valued by animals and people. |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | birrea: from the vernacular name "birr" in Senegal; caffra: of Caffraria, historic name for South Africa |
| Habitat: | In various types of savannah woodland. |
| Altitude range: (metres) | |
| Flowering time: | Sep - Nov |
| Worldwide distribution: | Angola, southern DRC, Namibia, Kenya, Tanzania, Zanzibar, Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Limpopo, Mpumalanga, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Also in Madagascar. |
| Zimbabwe distribution: | N,W,C,E,S |
| Growth form: | T |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | |
| Insects (whose larvae eat this species): | Sphingomorpha chlorea (Sundowner moth or Banana hawk) Philotherma rosa (Rose eggar) Argema mimosae (African lunar moth) |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Content last updated: | Monday 12 March 2007 |
| Literature: |
Coates Palgrave K. (revised and updated by Meg Coates Palgrave) (2002). Trees of Southern Africa 3rd edition. Struik, South Africa Pages 539 - 540. (Includes a picture). Fabian, A. & Germishuizen, G. (1997). Wild Flowers of Northern South Africa. Fernwood Press, Vlaeburg. Pages 234 - 235. (Includes a picture). Fernandes, R. & A. (1966). Anacardiaceae FZ 2(2) Pages 553 - 555. as Sclerocarya caffra (Includes a picture). Schmidt, E., Lötter, M. & McCleland, W. (2002). Trees and shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park Jacana, Johannesburg, S Africa Pages 330 - 331. (Includes a picture). Van Wyk, B. & Van Wyk, P. (1997). Field Guide to Trees of Southern Africa. Struik, South Africa Pages 446 - 447. (Includes a picture). |
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comments powered by DisqusOther sources of information about Sclerocarya birrea:
Flora of Zimbabwe: cultivated Sclerocarya birrea pageFlora of Mozambique: Sclerocarya birrea
African Plant Database: Sclerocarya birrea
Biodiversity Explorer (Biodiversity of southern Africa): Sclerocarya birrea
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Sclerocarya birrea
ePIC (electronic Plant Information Center): Sclerocarya birrea
Flora Zambesiaca web site: Sclerocarya birrea
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
GRIN (Germplasm Resources Information Network) taxonomy for plants report for Sclerocarya birrea
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Sclerocarya birrea
JSTOR Plant Science: Sclerocarya birrea
Kew Herbarium catalogue: Sclerocarya birrea
Tropicos: Sclerocarya birrea
West African Plants database: Sclerocarya birrea
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