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spinosum

Xanthium spinosum L.

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Synonyms:
Common names:	Spiny cocklebur (English)
Frequency:
Status:	Probably introduced.
Description:	Annual herb, to 1 m; branches bearing 3-partite yellow spines. Leaves petiolate, narrowly ovate, discolorous; margin undulate, toothed or, commonly, 3-lobed; base cuneate. Male capitula spherical, terminal. Female capitulum with phyllaries connate around the 2 achenes. Fruit 1-1.2 cm bearing numerous spines with hooked tips.
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	spinosum: spiny
Habitat:	In disturbed places.
Altitude range: (metres)
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Widespread as a weed in both the Old and New Worlds.
Zimbabwe distribution:	W,C
Growth form:
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects (whose larvae eat this species):
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

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Other sources of information about Xanthium spinosum:

African Plant Database: Xanthium spinosum
Biodiversity Explorer (Biodiversity of southern Africa): Xanthium spinosum
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Xanthium spinosum
ePIC (electronic Plant Information Center): Xanthium spinosum
Flora Zambesiaca web site: Xanthium spinosum
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
GRIN (Germplasm Resources Information Network) taxonomy for plants report for Xanthium spinosum
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Xanthium spinosum
JSTOR Plant Science: Xanthium spinosum
Kew Herbarium catalogue: Xanthium spinosum
Tropicos: Xanthium spinosum
West African Plants database: Xanthium spinosum

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spinosum