Ilex aquifolium L.

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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)

Synonyms:
Common names:	European holly (English)
Description:
Notes:	"Very rarely grown in gardens in the cooler areas of Rhodesia" (Wild, Biegel & Mavi, 1972).
Derivation of specific name:
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:
Growth form(s):	Tree.
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:

Other sources of information about Ilex aquifolium:

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Ilex aquifolium
African Plant Database: Ilex aquifolium
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Ilex aquifolium
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Ilex aquifolium
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Ilex aquifolium
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Ilex aquifolium
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Ilex aquifolium
JSTOR Plant Science: Ilex aquifolium
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Ilex aquifolium
Plants of the World Online: Ilex aquifolium
Tropicos: Ilex aquifolium
Wikipedia: Ilex aquifolium

Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2002-25

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2025). Flora of Zimbabwe: Cultivated Plants: Species information: Ilex aquifolium.
https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/cult/species.php?species_id=162650, retrieved 5 December 2025

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