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Dicerocaryum senecioides
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Photo: Bart Wursten
Twentydales Extension, Epworth, Harare
Photo: Bart Wursten
Twentydales Extension, Epworth, Harare
Photo: Bart Wursten
Malilangwe Wildlife Reserve
Photo: Rob Burrett
Matopo Mission, Eastern Matobo
Photo: Bart Wursten
Halfway House, Headlands
Photo: Bart Wursten
Road no. 11, Gorongosa National Park
Photo: Bart Wursten
Road no. 11, Gorongosa National Park
Photo: Stefaan Dondeyne
At ISPM, Chimoio
Photo: Tongai Castigo
Palmeiras, Beira
Photo: Tongai Castigo
Palmeiras, Beira
Photo: Sune Holt
Munavalate, Vilanculos Distr., Inhambane, Mozambique
Photo: Sune Holt
Munavalate, Vilanculos Distr., Inhambane, Mozambique
Photo: Sune Holt
Munavalate, Vilanculos Distr., Inhambane, Mozambique
Photo: Sune Holt
Munavalate, Vilanculos Distr., Inhambane, Mozambique
Photo: Bart Wursten
Nhago airstrip, Coutada 12.
Photo: Bart Wursten
Nhago airstrip, Coutada 12.
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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)
| Synonyms: |
Dicerocaryum zanguebarium sensu Stapf Pretrea artemisiaefolia Klotzsch Pretrea forbesii Decne. Pretrea loasifolia Klotzsch Pretrea senecioides Klotzsch |
| Common names: | Boot protectors (English) Chikada (Shona) Devil thorn (English) Inkunzane (Ndebele) Intekelane (Ndebele) Ruredzo (Shona) Seso (Shona) Soso (Shona) Stud plant (English) |
| Frequency: | Common |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
Prostrate perennial with annual creeping stems, occurring almost throughout Zimbabwe. Stems almost hairless or somewhat pubescent. Leaves opposite, usually narrowly ovate in outline, up to 2.7 cm long, often more or less deeply pinnately lobed; margin coarsely crenate-serrate. Flowers solitary, axillary, very pale to deep pink or mauve, usually with darker spots on the lower lip and in the throat. Fruit broadly elliptic in outline, 16-27 mm long, hairless or slightly pubescent, with 2 erect spines on a distinctly raised upper surface. |
| Notes: | Note 1: this species is very similar to D. eriocarpum, which is much more restricted to the sandy soils of western Zimbabwe. That species differs in the smaller, broadly ovate leaves which are never lobed and almost circular fruits, which are densely covered in hairs, particularly when young. Note 2: The distinctive fruits, armed with a pair of sharp points, which easily penetrate animal hooves, boots and even car tyres, aiding seed dispersal. |
| Derivation of specific name: | senecioides: resembling a Senecio, reference unclear. |
| Habitat: | Favouring bare ground and poor soils and thus forming a good prevention against soil erosion. |
| Altitude range: (metres) | 1470 - 1650 m |
| Flowering time: | Dec - Apr |
| Worldwide distribution: | Malawi, Botswana, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and South Africa |
| Zimbabwe distribution: | N,W,C,E,S |
| Growth form(s): | |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Images last updated: | Tuesday 13 February 2007 |
| Literature: |
Bandeira, S., Bolnick, D. & Barbosa, F. (2007). Wild Flowers of Southern Mozambique Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Mozambique Pages 186 - 187. also as Dicerocaryum forbesii (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 13. As Dicerocaryum senecioides senecioides Ihlenfeldt, H.-D. (1988). Pedaliaceae Flora Zambesiaca 8(3) Pages 107 - 108. (Includes a picture). Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 66. Plowes, D.C.H. & Drummond, R.B. (1990). Wild Flowers of Zimbabwe. Revised edition. Longman, Zimbabwe. No. 121, plate 162 Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 91. Siebert, S. & Mössmer, M. (Editors) (2002). SABONET Southern Mozambique Expedition 2001; Provisional Plant Checklist of the Maputo Elephant Reserve (MER) and Licuati Forest Reserve (LFR) SABONET News 7(1) Page 27. Wild, H. (1955). Common Rhodesian Weeds Government of Rhodesia, Salisbury Page 100. as Dicerocaryum zanguebarium (Includes a picture). |
Other sources of information about Dicerocaryum senecioides:
Our websites:
Flora of Botswana: Dicerocaryum senecioidesFlora of Malawi: Dicerocaryum senecioides
Flora of Mozambique: Dicerocaryum senecioides
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Dicerocaryum senecioidesAfrican Plant Database: Dicerocaryum senecioides
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Dicerocaryum senecioides
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Dicerocaryum senecioides
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Dicerocaryum senecioides
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Dicerocaryum senecioides
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Dicerocaryum senecioides
JSTOR Plant Science: Dicerocaryum senecioides
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Dicerocaryum senecioides
Plants of the World Online: Dicerocaryum senecioides
Tropicos: Dicerocaryum senecioides
Wikipedia: Dicerocaryum senecioides
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