Bidens pilosa L.

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Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Ndundu Lodge, Vumba

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Ndundu Lodge, Vumba

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Ndundu Lodge, Vumba

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Di Hull
20, Hawkshead Drive, Harare

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Marydale Point Lake Chivero Recreational Park

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Near Chalet 2, Chirinda Forest

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Old cottages at Katiyo Tea Estate

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Hotel Castelo Branco, Chimoio

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Northern slopes below Mt Dombe, Chimanimani Mts

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Northern slopes below Mt Dombe, Chimanimani Mts

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Northern slopes below Mt Dombe, Chimanimani Mts

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Northern slopes below Mt Dombe, Chimanimani Mts

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Compound of Community Education Centre, Gorongosa National Park

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Valley below Mt Peza, Chiamnimani Mts.

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Mt Shangani, eastern Chimanimani Mts.

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Umunthu Camp, Mzuzu

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Umunthu Camp, Mzuzu

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Umunthu Camp, Mzuzu

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Umunthu Camp, Mzuzu

Bidens pilosa

Photo: Bart Wursten
Umunthu Camp, Mzuzu

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Species details: Click on each item to see an explanation of that item (Note: opens a new window)

Synonyms:
Common names: Black-jack (English)
Frequency: Common
Status: Introduced
Description:
Annual herb to 1.5 (-2.2) m. Leaves petiolate, (1-)3-foliolate, glabrous or pilose. Terminal leaflet up to 9 × 5 cm, narrowly ovate to ovate-oblong; base cuneate; apex acuminate; margin ciliate, crenate or serrate-crenate; lateral leaflets smaller, asymmetric. Inflorescence laxly corymbose. Capitula up to 1 cm in diameter. Rays 0 (var. pilosa) or creamy-white, 4-7 and up to 1.5 cm, exceeding (var. radiata Sch.Bip.) or not exceeding (var. minor Blume) the phyllaries. Achenes up to 1.6 cm, blackish. Bristles 2-3, retrorsely barbed.
Notes: An exceptionally tall plant which attained 2.2 metres was recorded by Alistair Hull from his Harare garden. An image of Alistair overtopped by this plant may be found on this page.
Derivation of specific name: pilosa: pilose, with long soft hairs
Habitat: In disturbed habitats generally: as a weed of gardens, cultivated and fallow lands and roadsides.
Altitude range: (metres) 1060 - 1660 m
Flowering time:Sep - May
Worldwide distribution: Probably originally South American, but very widely naturalised throughout the tropics and subtropics.
Zimbabwe distribution: N,W,C,E,S
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species: Gracilodes caffra (Larval foodplant)
Spot characters: Display spot characters for this species
Images last updated: Monday 1 January 2007
Literature:

Baumann, G. (2005). Photographic Guide to Wildflowers of Malawi Wildlife and Environmental Society of Malawi Pages 164 - 165. (Includes a picture).

Beentje, H.J. & Ghazanfar, S.A. (eds.) (2005). Compositae (Part 3) Flora of Tropical East Africa Pages 806 - 807.

Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 84.

Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 9.

Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 6.

Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 146.

Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 205. (Includes a picture).

Kirby, G. (2013). Wild Flowers of Southeast Botswana Struik Nature, Cape Town South Africa Page 132. (Includes a picture).

Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 23.

Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 28.

Pickering, H. & Roe, E. (2009). Wild Flowers of the Victoria Falls Area Helen Pickering, London Page 33. (Includes a picture).

Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 31.

Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 51.

Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 198.

Wild, H. (1955). Common Rhodesian Weeds Government of Rhodesia, Salisbury Page 64. (Includes a picture).

Wild, H. (1967). The Compositae of the Flora Zambesiaca area. 1. Heliantheae. Kirkia 6(1) Pages 24 - 25.

Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 88.


Other sources of information about Bidens pilosa:

Our websites:

Flora of Botswana: Bidens pilosa
Flora of Caprivi: Bidens pilosa
Flora of Caprivi: cultivated Bidens pilosa
Flora of Malawi: Bidens pilosa
Flora of Mozambique: Bidens pilosa
Flora of Zambia: Bidens pilosa

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Bidens pilosa
African Plant Database: Bidens pilosa
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Bidens pilosa
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Bidens pilosa
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Bidens pilosa
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Bidens pilosa
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Bidens pilosa
JSTOR Plant Science: Bidens pilosa
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Bidens pilosa
Plants of the World Online: Bidens pilosa
Tropicos: Bidens pilosa
Wikipedia: Bidens pilosa


Copyright: Mark Hyde, Bart Wursten, Petra Ballings and Meg Coates Palgrave, 2002-24

Hyde, M.A., Wursten, B.T., Ballings, P. & Coates Palgrave, M. (2024). Flora of Zimbabwe: Species information: Bidens pilosa.
https://www.zimbabweflora.co.zw/speciesdata/species.php?species_id=160650, retrieved 29 March 2024

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