Nothoperanema squamiseta (Hook.) Ching

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Photo: Petra Ballings
Zovo Chipolo Forest, Nyika National Park

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Synonyms:	Aspidium squamisetum (Hook.) Kuhn Dryopteris squamiseta (Hook.) Kuntze Nephrodium buchananii Baker Nephrodium squamisetum Hook.
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Rhizome erect to suberect, up to 7 mm in diameter; rhizome scales brown, up to 9 mm long, lanceolate in outline, margin entire, tapering to a drawn-out point. Fronds tufted, arching, herbaceous. Stipe up to 53 cm long, straw-coloured, reddish-brown near the base, densely set with stiff dark brown scales standing out at right angles to the stipe. Lamina up to 50 × 40 cm, 3-pinnate to 4-pinnatifid on the basiscopically developed basal pinnae, deltate to roughly ovate in outline. Pinnae narrowly oblong-attenuate, spaced apart, almost equally sided. Ultimate lobes oblong, margins weakly lobed or entire, apex lobed or entire, rounded, subglabrous with few brown, upright scales above and below. Rhachis straw-coloured, set with scales similar to rhizome. Sori round, up to 1.2 mm, 12-20 per lobe set in the upper half of the pinnules; indusium kidney-shaped to subcircular, c. 1mm in diameter, membraneous, entire.
Notes:	Can be distinguished from other Dryopteris-species by having a combination of stiff scales that stand out at right angles on the stipe, entire rounded pinnule lobes and sori that are grouped towards the end of the pinnules.
Derivation of specific name:	squama: scale, seta: bristle; refers to the stiff scales on the stipe.
Habitat:	Deep shade in or along streams in evergreen forest, usually in high rainfall areas where mist is frequent.
Altitude range: (metres)	1500 - 2070 m
Worldwide distribution:	Known from southern Africa, extending ro central and tropical Africa; also on Madagascar and Mascarene Islands.
Zimbabwe distribution:	E
Growth form(s):	Terrestrial.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Images last updated:	Wednesday 19 June 2019
Literature:	Burrows, J.E. (1990). Southern African Ferns and Fern Allies. Frandsen, Sandton. Pages 306 - 308. As Dryopteris squamiseta (Includes a picture). Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (1993). An annotated check-list of the pteridophytes of Malawi Kirkia 14(1) Page 98. Burrows, J.E. & Willis, C.K. (eds) (2005). Plants of the Nyika Plateau Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 31 SABONET, Pretoria Page 28. as Dryopteris squamiseta Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 23. As Dryopteris squamiseta Crouch, N.R., Klopper, R.R., Burrows, J.E. & Burrows, S.M. (2011). Ferns of Southern Africa, A comprehensive guide Struik Nature Pages 470 - 471. (Includes a picture). Dowsett-Lemaire, F. (1989). The flora and phytogeography of the evergreen forests of Malawi. I: Afromontane and mid-altitude forests; Bull. Jard. Bot. Nat. Belg. 59(1/2) Page 25. As Dryopteris squamiseta Jacobsen, W.B.G. (1983). The Ferns and Fern Allies of Southern Africa. Butterworths, Durban and Pretoria. Pages 440 - 441. As Dryopteris squamiseta (Includes a picture). Kornas, J. (1979). Distribution and ecology of the Pteridophytes in Zambia Polska Akademia Nauk Wydzial II Nauk Biologicznych Page 109. As Dryopteris squamiseta Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 6. Roux, J.P. (2001). Conspectus of Southern African Pteridophyta. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report 13 Page 123. (Includes a picture). Roux, J.P. (2009). Synopsis of the Lycopodiophyta and Pteridophyta of Africa, Madagascar and neighbouring islands Pages 136 - 137. Schelpe, E.A.C.L.E. (1970). Pteridophyta Flora Zambesiaca Pages 223 - 225. As Dryopteris squamiseta

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Flora of Malawi: Nothoperanema squamiseta
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African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Nothoperanema squamiseta
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Nothoperanema squamiseta
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Nothoperanema squamiseta
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Nothoperanema squamiseta
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IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Nothoperanema squamiseta
JSTOR Plant Science: Nothoperanema squamiseta
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Nothoperanema squamiseta
Plants of the World Online: Nothoperanema squamiseta
Tropicos: Nothoperanema squamiseta
Wikipedia: Nothoperanema squamiseta