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Echinochloa colona
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Photo: Petra Ballings
Shashe Wilderness Camp, Tuli
Photo: Petra Ballings
Shashe Wilderness Camp, Tuli
Photo: Petra Ballings
Shashe Wilderness Camp, Tuli
Photo: Petra Ballings
Shashe Wilderness Camp, Tuli
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| Synonyms: |
Brachiaria longifolia Gilli Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv. subsp. colona (L.) Honda Echinochloa divaricata Anderss. Echinochloa subverticillata Pilger Panicum colonum L. Panicum echinochloa Th. Dur. & Schinz |
| Common names: | Jungle rice (English) Watergras (Afrikaans) |
| Frequency: | |
| Status: | Native |
| Description: |
Annual grass with erect or ascending culms 10–150 cm high; ligule absent. Inflorescence typically linear, up to 20 cm long; racemes up to 5 cm long, neatly 4-rowed, simple, commonly c. 1/2 their length apart and appressed to the axis but sometimes subverticillate and spreading, rarely congested. Spikelets subglobose to ovate-elliptic, 1.5–3.5 mm long, softly to harshly hairy, often purple tinged. Inferior floret male or infertile, lemma acute. Superior lemma 2–3 mm long. |
| Notes: | |
| Derivation of specific name: | colona: "of the farmers". It has sometimes been spelled as colonum. |
| Habitat: | In muddy or swampy places, often weedy. |
| Altitude range: (metres) | Up to 2000 m |
| Flowering time: | |
| Worldwide distribution: | Throughout the tropics and subtropics. |
| Zimbabwe distribution: | N,W,C,E,S |
| Growth form(s): | |
| Endemic status: | |
| Red data list status: | |
| Insects associated with this species: | |
| Spot characters: | Display spot characters for this species |
| Images last updated: | Friday 2 August 2019 |
| Literature: |
Chapano, C. (2002). A checklist of Zimbabwean grasses Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 16. Pretoria. Page 10. Chapano, C. & Mamuto, M. (2003). Plants of the Chimanimani District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 23. Clayton, W.D. (1989). Poaceae Flora Zambesiaca 10(3) Pages 53 - 55. (Includes a picture). Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 133. Fish, L., Mashau, A.C., Moeaha, M.J. & Nembudani, M.T. (2015). Identification Guide to Southern African Grasses Strelitzia 36 South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria Page 239. Heath, A. & Heath, R. (2009). Field Guide to the Plants of Northern Botswana including the Okavango Delta Kew Publishing Page 435. (Includes a picture). Jackson, G. & Wiehe, P.O. (1958). An Annotated Check List of Nyasaland Grasses The Government Printer, Zomba, Nyasaland Page 36. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 103. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 129. Roodt, V. (2015). Grasses & Grazers of Botswana and the surrounding savanna Struik Nature, South Africa Pages 88 - 89. (Includes a picture). Setshogo, M.P. (2005). Preliminary checklist of the plants of Botswana. Sabonet Report no. 37. Sabonet, Pretoria and Gaborone Page 135. Strugnell, A.M. (2006). A Checklist of the Spermatophytes of Mount Mulanje, Malawi Scripta Botanica Belgica 34 National Botanic Garden of Belgium Page 146. Timberlake, J.R. & Childes, S.L. (2004). Biodiversity of the Four Corners Area: Technical Reviews Volume Two (Chapter 5-15) Appendix 5-1: Plant Checklist Occasional Publications in Biodiversity 15 Page 188. Van Oudtshoorn, F.P. (1992). Grasses of South Africa Briza Publications, South Africa Page 207. (Includes a picture). |
Other sources of information about Echinochloa colona:
Our websites:
Flora of Botswana: Echinochloa colonaFlora of Caprivi: Echinochloa colona
Flora of Malawi: Echinochloa colona
Flora of Mozambique: Echinochloa colona
Flora of Zambia: Echinochloa colona
External websites:
African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Echinochloa colonaAfrican Plant Database: Echinochloa colona
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Echinochloa colona
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Echinochloa colona
ePIC (electronic Plant Information Center): Echinochloa colona
Flora Zambesiaca web site: Echinochloa colona
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Echinochloa colona
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
GRIN (Germplasm Resources Information Network): Echinochloa colona
iNaturalist: Echinochloa colona
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Echinochloa colona
JSTOR Plant Science: Echinochloa colona
Kew Herbarium catalogue: Echinochloa colona
Kew Monocotyledon checklist: Echinochloa colona
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Echinochloa colona
Plants of the World Online: Echinochloa colona
Tropicos: Echinochloa colona
Wikipedia: Echinochloa colona
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