Catunaregam swynnertonii (S. Moore) Bridson

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Photo: Bart Wursten
Along road no.2, Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

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Synonyms:	Catunaregam spinosa sensu Verdcourt subsp. spinosa Randia dumetorum sensu Hiern Randia swynnertonii S. Moore
Common names:	Sand bone-apple (English)
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Multi-stemmed shrub, rarely a small tree, armed with stout, woody, spines. Leaves in clusters on short side shoots, just below the spines, obovate, dark green, paler below, hairless to sparsely velvety above; apex rounded, often notched. Flowers Gardenia-like in 3-7-flowered clusters, white fading to yellow, densely silky on the outside, sweetly scented. Fruit broadly ellipsoid, c. 2.5 cm in diameter, velvety, crowned by the calyx lobes.
Notes:	This species is similar to C. taylorii but can be distinguished by the less hairy leaves and fruit and the longer petioles.
Derivation of specific name:	swynnertonii: named after Charles Francis Massey Swynnerton (1877-1938), well-known naturalist, who first recorded and collected many species of flora and fauna in and around the Chirinda Forest
Habitat:	In sand forest and mixed woodland.
Altitude range: (metres)	Up to 500 m
Flowering time:	Aug - Nov
Worldwide distribution:	Zimbabwe and Mozambique
Zimbabwe distribution:	E,S
Growth form(s):	Tree, shrub over 2 m.
Endemic status:	Near Endemic
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Images last updated:	Saturday 17 March 2007
Literature:	Bridson, D.M. & Verdcourt, B. (2003). Rubiaceae, Part 3 Flora Zambesiaca 5(3) Pages 639 - 641. Burrows, J.E., Burrows, S.M., Lötter, M.C. & Schmidt, E. (2018). Trees and Shrubs Mozambique Publishing Print Matters (Pty), Cape Town. Page 964. (Includes a picture). Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 7. As Catunaregam spinosa spinosa Darbyshire, I., Timberlake, J., Osborne, J., Rokni, S., Matimele, H., Langa. C., Datizua, C., de Sousa, C., Alves, T., Massingue, A., Hadj-Hammou, J., Dhanda, S., Shah, T., Wursten, B. (2019). The endemic plants of Mozambique: diversity and conservation status Phytotaxa 136 Page 92. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 71.

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African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Catunaregam swynnertonii
African Plant Database: Catunaregam swynnertonii
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